Traditionally, the oromo believed in a supreme deity, waaqawaaqayoo. By gemechu kedir oromo elites, abba gadaa father of gadaa, historians most often say that it is impossible to know about oromos background without understanding the ruling scheme of. The gadaa system and some of its institutions among the booranaa. The oromo society was structured into two distinct but crosscutting system. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical system of the oromo. Was it a system used through out oromia or was it prevalent in one region of oromia only. Gada system oromo pdf 18 nov oromos meeting to discuss social affairs under the shades of an odaa oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system. The oromo recognized the gada system as part of their cultural heritage and as a contemporary system of governance that functions in concert with the modern state system. Marriage practices among the gidda oromo southwestern part of gojjam see map 1.
Oromo geda system pdf data on the gada systemthe central in stitution. It is a welldeveloped agebased grouping up on which the religious, political, economic and. Comment on melbaa gada, author of oromia, an introduction. Dookumantaariin kun dhrtvon qophaae fulbaana 09 bara 2008 ali tamsaae daawwadha yaadan itti arjooma. Ummatni oromoo kaabaan hanga tigraay, kibbaan hanga keeniyaa faffacaee argama. The oromo might have shaped and modeled the system based on their own internal situation after. Definition the gadaa system is an indigenous egalitarian democratic system practiced among the oromo nation of east africa for the last six hundred years. The borana is one of the major pastoralist groups who belong to large ethnic group of oromo society.
They are the largest ethnic group in ethiopia and represent 34. The gadaa system is an indigenous egalitarian democratic system practiced among the oromo nation of east africa for the last six. Jan 01, 2019 gada system oromo pdf 18 nov oromos meeting to discuss social affairs under the shades of an odaa oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system. Based on an ancient calendrical system and with mythological narratives, the oromoo gadaa is a a system of gadaa classes luba that succeeded each other every eight year in assuming political, military, judicial, legislative, and ritual responsibilities legesse, 2006.
Original research originalresearch finfinnetribune. Jalqaba oromoon saba afrikaa keessa jiraatu, kan itoophiyaa keessaa fi haga diqqoo immoo ummata keeniyaa fi somaaliyaa keessatti argamu dha. The gada men and yubas duties also includes transfering knowledge and skills associated with the functions of the democratic gada system to the members of succeeding grades the laws, norms, values, and ideals of the gada system are compatible with existing international human rights instruments. The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community. It is believed that oromos inhabited a territory surrounding mada walabu. Dec 29, 2016 gada and oromo democracy best system created and exercised by oromo by anwar kalil 29 12 2016 uploaded. Oct 14, 2014 it is presented here only for information purposes. The gada political system and military organization enabled oromos defend themselves against enemies who were competing with them for land, water, and power. By gemechu kedir oromo elites, abba gadaa father of gadaa, historians most often say that it is impossible to know about oromos background without understanding the ruling scheme of the gadaa system. Comment on melbaa gada, author of oromia, an introduction to the history of the oromoo people.
However, the guji and borana oromos have kept the gada institution and its rituals fresh with its flavor. Ecologically and agriculturally oromia region is the richest region in the horn of africa. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical system of the. Oromoo are a cushitic ethnic group and nation native to ethiopia who speak the oromo language. The gada system is a very huge and complex social institution in which the traditional oromo people manage their socio political and religious practices. The gada system is a democratic system of governance in which the community as a whole has the opportunities to participate on equal basis. Livestock products, coffee, oil seeds, spices, mineral resources and wild life are all diverse and abundant. All activities and life of each and every member of the oromo was guided by an egalitarian socio economic and political structure of the society called the gada system. You go to the grocery store to buy drinking water, only to be confused over which of the 30 brands of water tastes the best. The announcement of a possible first archaeoastronomical site called namoratunga ii in subsaharan africa by lynch and robbins 1978 and its subsequent reappraisal by soper 1982 have renewed interest in an east african calendrical system, the borana calendar, first outlined in detail by legesse 1973.
Gada is an indigenous institution that incorporates political, social and economic issues of the oromo. Ummatni oromoo ummata afaan kushi dubbatu kan bahaa fi kaaba baha afrikaa keessatti argaman keessaa tokko dha. The effects of state terrorism and globalization in oromia and ethiopia paper presented at the conference on new directions in critical criminology, university of tennessee, knoxville, tennessee, may 6. It was developed from knowledge gained through community experience over generations. Gada is a traditional system of governance of the oromo people in ethiopia developed from knowledge gained over generations. Am a contributor,this file helps for education and research written by professor assefa jalata. I found it interesting and i want everybody to read. Gadaa system afaan oromo online marsariitii barnoota. Wayyuu, siinqee and gora among the arsi and guji oromo. The gada system is an allinclusive social system in which every member of the society. System, customary law, boran, gujioromo, oromia, ethiopia, gadaa.
The full, formated report can be accessed here pdf. This page is created to raise awareness of our beautiful geda system that organized the oromo society long before western countries democratic system. This paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo. Gadaa oromoo ijaaruu dhaabuu fi seenaa saba oromoo kan dabre qorachuu, barachuu, barsiisuu fi guddisuu. This paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the development of a democratic multinational liberation movement of the colonized nations within the. The gada system was the basis of oromo culture and civilization. Doc unique features of oromo gada governance system. In sum, three main reasons support the approach of this study. Marriage practices among the gidda oromo, northern. Keessattuu mallattoo tokkummaa, nagaa fi bilisummaa ummata oromoo kan tae aadaan sirna gadaa oromoo akka sirritti dagaaguu fi ilmaan oromoo hunda ammattu taasisuu. It appears in five names of gadaa parties that were named by relating to the religious, political and economic life of the society. It is also practiced by the konso and gedeo people of southern ethiopia. The gada system of the oromo people is a system of governance in which people are grouped and organized into five gada grades or strata and govern themselves in rounds.
It is presented here only for information purposes. The gada system comprised eleven age groups, based on eightyear increments, and male oromo gained particular socio privileges with certain stages of the system baxter, 1979. Adeemsa wal bulchuu sana keessatti oromoon waaqa tokkichatti waan amanuuf, waaqni ammoo miidhaa namaa waan hin feeneef, oromoon wal qixxumma namaatti haaluma waaqni fedhu sannaan amana. The oromo nation is the community concerned with the gada system. Professor asmerom legesse, the pioneer of gadaa studies kichuu. Gada and oromo democracy best system created and exercised by oromo by anwar kalil 29 12 2016 uploaded.
The gada system comprised eleven age groups, based on eightyear increments, and however, since 1960s in africa. By rabbirraa rufo on wednesday, november 30, 2011 at 4. Oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system. Ilmaan oromoollee aadaa bareeda sirna gadaa hubachuudhaan gaaddisa sirna. They claim to have descended from a single individual called arse. Interview with jaal maaroo, commander of the oromo liberation army olawbo western zone via rswo interview with jaal maaroo, commander of the oromo liberation army olawbo western zone via. In this institution, women have their own role and status in the political, social and economic affairs of the oromo society. An example of classical african civilization by asafa jalata, ph. This study deals with the role of women in gada system in tulama oromo of ilu.
Oromia, ethiopia, oromo boranaarsiguji, afroasiatic. The oromo gada system seems to be uncommon among oromo in other parts of the country. By holistic system, it means that no elements of gada system can exist apart from the system in which the stands for the common values of the people in terms of political, economic, cultural, spiritual, social and administrative processes. This paper was presented at oromo study association osa annual conference at the. Gada is a traditional system of governance used by the oromo people in ethiopia developed from knowledge gained by community experience over generations. Asafa jalata the oromo movement is engaging in struggle to empower the oromo people in order to. Aug 16, 2019 definition the gadaa system is an indigenous egalitarian democratic system practiced among the oromo nation of east africa for the last six hundred years. Despite gada being an egalitarian social system, women were excluded from passing through agesets and generationsets. Arsi oromo is one of the branches of oromo people inhabiting the oromiya region, mainly in the arsi and bale zones. Gadaa is the traditional democratic system of governance used by the oromos in ethiopia and. The gada system is largely practised by the oromo people. The gada system is a class system that succeeds each other every eight years in assuming politico military administration, economic management and other social activities. The basic rule of the gada system is that the newly born infant child always enters the system of grades exactly forty years after his father, regardless of the age of the son or the father.
It helped oromos maintain democratic political, economic, social, and religious institutions for many centuries. The objective of this study is to examine the role of women among tulama oromo of ilu. Pdf this paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the development of a democratic multinational. Unesco gada system, an indigenous democratic socio. Comment on melbaa gada, author of oromia, an introduction to. The oromo gadaa system is unique in developing the use of generation called gogeessa forty years gap between father and son as an element of its organization asafa, 1993. The gadaa research centre is an interdisciplinary research and advocacy program, hosted by the advocacy for oromia within the club of research and knowledge advancement. Gada system can be also defined as a holistic system that affects every aspect of oromo lives.
Oromos introduction, location, language, folklore, religion. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical. Sep 21, 2015 dookumantaariin kun dhrtvon qophaae fulbaana 09 bara 2008 ali tamsaae daawwadha yaadan itti arjooma. Kitaabni sirna abbaairreetirraa gara dimokraasii jedhu kun dura bara 1993 keessa bangkok keessatti walta. Adda bilisummaa oromoo oromo liberation front ibsa gumii sabaa adda bilisummaa oromoo gsabo muddee 27, 2016 gumiin sabaa adda bilisummaa oromoo gsabo walgahii isaa dhaabbataa mudde 16 25, 2016 gaggeeffateen haala dhaabaa fi qbo, akkasumas, haala ummata keenyaa, haala diinaa.
The objective of this study is to examine the role of women among tulama oromo of. Unesco has inscribed gada system as intangible world heritage. The oromo people are governed by the historic gadaa system as their political culture. In other words, the emergence of class differentiation and the rise of the oromo kingdoms destroyed the gada system in these parts of oromia. Stage the members were educated in oromo history, military strategy, law, and. Oromo society was based upon an ageset system known as gada, in which all males. Sep 19, 2011 the old aged and peculiar oromo tradition, the gada system, is still functional and practiced by the guji oromo.
Geographical location and range of the gada system. Agricultural oromo as the name of the senior division of their kinship. It is created to organise and coordinate research activity of the organisation. Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities. Pdf the oromo, gadaasiqqee democracy and the liberation of. The oromo governed themselves in accordance with gadaa system long before the 16th century, when major three party. Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on oromoo.
Guji oromo ways of life, gadaa system and waaqefanna. Posts about sirna gadaa oromo written by oromianeconomist. The old aged and peculiar oromo tradition, the gada system, is still functional and practiced by the guji oromo. The gada system is an allinclusive social system in which every member of the society has specified roles and duties during ones life course. Introduction gadaa system is essentially a homegrown indigenous democratic sociopolitical organization of the oromoo people, the largest identity group among the cushiticspeaking peoples who have inhabited northeastern africa in general and modern ethiopia and kenya. Gadaa system obn oromiyaa oromia broadcasting network. The gada system has been practiced for centuries and remains functional into the present among all of the major clans such as borana, guji, gabra, karrayu, arsi, afran qallo, ituu, humbana, tulama and macha clans of the oromo nation. The gada system and the oromos ethiopia culture of peace. The gada system and the oromos ethiopia culture of peace aliye. The system has long been practiced by the borena, guji, karayu, tulama, arsi, ittu, humbana, afran. Gadaa indigenous democracy, oromia, oromooromummaa, ethiopian colonial. Afaan oromoo afaan hawusaafi arabiiffaati anee sadarkaa sadaffaarraati argama. Gada theory and practices by geremew nigatu kassa, m.
The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community dealing with issues such as conflict resolution, reparation and protecting womens rights. Marriage practices among the gidda oromo, northern wollega. Gada effectively enforced a genderbased division of labor in oromo society, although it allowed two equally important separate and interdependent economic domains. Sirna bulchiinsaa hawwaasni oromoo achii as dhufaan sadarkaalee itti keessatti hirmaatamu kaee, walii isaa ittiin oogganaa dhufedha. Gadaa system, about the customary mechanisms of conflict resolution so as to integrate them into.
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